A 28-year-old cyclist reports cramp-like lower abdominal pain while abroad. She had an IUD inserted eight weeks ago and has not felt quite right since. A check-up with her gynecologist four weeks ago was uneventful. In addition to the lower abdominal pain, she also experiences bloating, flatulence, and a strange feeling when urinating, but no actual pain.
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14 yo male soccer goalie comes to your sports medicine clinic because the second goalie of his team has grown much more during the last months and the coach has moved him to the bench, favoring the taller player.
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23-year-old female athlete (artistic gymnastics, national A-squad) with persistent symptoms for the past 8 months in the anterior tibial region, which occur after, but not during training (especially on vault and floor exercises). She has repeatedly taken breaks from training for approximately 3 weeks.
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A 19 year-old female swimmer comes to your sports medicine consultation, because she has been struggling with breathing at higher intensities since 3 months. The dyspnea mostly occurs during sustained intensities in the pool or at the later stages of short interval sprints.
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A 16 year-old male rugby player suffers from headaches, tiredness and difficulty concentrating at school. The symptoms have been present for approximately 3 weeks and started 2-3 days after match where he suffered a hit in the mêlée. He continued playing, as he did not think much of it.
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A 25 yo male elite triathlete sends you a text message after he crashed on the bike abroad, hurting the right shoulder. He has never had any injuries to this shoulder. He is in the emergency room and attaches the following images of the shoulder, revealing a clavicle injury.
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A 16-year-old female triathlete comes in complaining of fatigue and decreased performance/stagnation. His coach thinks she has an iron deficiency... what should I do? What is the differential diagnosis, what investigations are recommended, and how should we manage this?
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Artificial intelligence (AI) has entered the public scene in November 2022, when the first version of ChatGPT was released. Quickly, multiple large language models (LLM) have emerged. The speed of adoption of these tools in the public has been unparalleled, whatever domains fo society we look at. Without surprises, many people will use this new technology to enquire about their health problem and oftentimes will do so before consulting a medical practitioner.
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A 23-year-old female elite runner, previously healthy with normal pre-participation screening, developed fatigue and an upper respiratory tract infection with fever for three days. Her symptoms improved but she continued to experience prolonged fatigue, which led her to seek evaluation by a sports and exercise medicine physician.
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Two years ago, I played a little trick on you when I had Chat-GPT write an editorial on the use of artificial intelligence (AI) in sports medicine. [1] Maybe it would be good to go back to that text before you continue with this special AI issue.
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Background: To systematically review the effectiveness of exercise on cognition in patients with arterial hypertension (HTN).
Methods: A systematic search was performed in the subsequent databases starting from the oldest records existing till June 2022: MEDLINE (accessed by PubMed), CENTRAL, Scopus, and Web of Science (Web of Science Core Collection). The search was carried out from November 2021 to January 2022. Trials investigating the effects of exercise on cognition in patients with HTN were included in the review. Two authors assessed trial quality using PEDro and National Institute of Health (NIH) tools.
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Endurance sports as one form of physical activity offer health benefits in many ways. Endurance training is among athletes of all ages very popular. In order to achieve a training impact endurance training needs to be on a regular basis, for a certain duration and at a chosen intensity.
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Hip arthroplasty is a highly successful intervention for end-stage hip osteoarthritis. With increasing numbers of young and/or more active patients undergoing total hip arthroplasty (THA) questions regarding safety and benefits of sports participations postoperatively have become increasingly relevant. But the literature about sport and THA is sparse.
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This article offers a clinical algorithm on decision making and treatment of acute ankle sprains. Key factors are analyzing trauma mechanism, sprain frequency and ligament injury. Therefore, a thorough clinical examination is important. Additional diagnostic imaging modalities may be required.
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Sudden cardiac death (SCD) is the leading non-traumatic cause of mortality in athletes under 35, most often due to inherited cardiomyopathies or primary electrical disorders that may remain silent until a fatal event. The 12-lead electrocardiogram (ECG) is the most accessible and cost-effective screening tool, yet its early use was hampered by poor specificity and high false-positive rates, mainly due to non-standardized interpretation and limited awareness of physiological adaptations.
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Exercise-induced bronchoconstriction (EIB) describes the frequent phenomenon of airway narrowing during or after exercise. EIB is a characteristic of asthma in some patients but might develop in athletes without asthma, especially in high-risk disciplines with prolonged high minute ventilation, exposure to cold or toxic substances.
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