cardiology – SEMS-journal

sports and society cardiology performance training

Ultra-trail: Ultra-Health?

Background: The development of Mountain Ultra Marathon (MUM) raises several questions to health professionals, regarding the short or long-term consequences on the health of participants. Objective: to present the main acute and long-term effects of MUM on the main health issues usually studied among runners. Methods: Pragmatic review of the literature, including grey literature from the medical staff of the races, notably the Ultra-trail du Mont Blanc. Results:

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Pre-participation Evaluation for Screening of Health Risks in Leisure and Young Competitive Athletes

There seems to be a lack of consensus among medical associations, professional sports bodies and medical professionals about when pre-participation evaluations (PPE) are indicated and how they should be designed. Although it is generally accepted that the primary purpose of the PPE is the identification of cardiovascular disease and risk factors for sudden cardiac death in competitive athletes, there is an ongoing debate on which methods are most apt in the screening process. Furthermore, the need of PPE has been questioned all together in leisure or hobby athletes.

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Exercise Hypertension – A Review

The actual significance and definition of hypertensive response to exercise (HRE) is still debated. Up to now, there is consensus in defining it as a systolic blood pressure value of either ≥ 210 mmHg in men and ≥ 190 mmHg in women or a diastolic blood pressure ≥ 110 mmHg during maximal exercise stress test. The mechanisms underlying an exaggerated blood pressure response to exercise are poorly understood; however, there are studies suggesting that HRE may represent a preclinical stadium of essential hypertension, which shares several common pathological mechanisms mostly related to an endothelial dysfunction and vascular stiffness.

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Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing in Sports Cardiology

Leisure-time and elite athletes often seek sports medical advice for inadequate exertional dyspnea and loss of performance. The work-up has to rule-out underlying cardiac pathologies that are associated with sudden cardiac death, although commonly the symptoms are training- and not disease-related. Cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) helps to differentiate between cardiac and pulmonary causes and guides further diagnostic and therapy. This article illustrates the potential of CPET in three clinical cases.

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Exercise and Sports in the Therapy of Chronic Diseases – Coronary Heart Disease

Despite increasingly advanced diagnostic and therapeutic methods, coronary heart disease and myocardial infarction continue to be by far the leading cause of death worldwide. This makes it all the more important in this context to make full use of known but far from optimally used therapeutic measures. Adequate physical activity in everyday life and additional targeted training lead to an evidence-based improvement in quality of life, a reduction in morbidity and above all to a significant reduction in cardiac and overall mortality.

exercise is medicine cardiology

Exercise Training and Physical Activity in Patients with Heart Failure

Heart failure is a clinical syndrome with different etiologies and phenotypes. For all forms, supervised exercise training and individual physical activity are class IA recommendations in current guidelines. Exercise training can start in the hospital, immediately after stabilization of acute heart failure (phase I). After discharge, it can continue in a stationary or ambulatory prevention and rehabilitation program (phase II). Typical components are endurance, resistance and respiratory training. Health insurances cover costs for three to six months. Patients with implantable cardioverter defibrillators or left ventricular assist devices may train in experienced centers.

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Physical activity with congenital heart disease – Where are we 2017?

Introduction: Adequate physical activity is important for a healthy and age-appropriate development in children and adolescents with congenital heart disease (CHD). To enable each child with CHD individual and harmless physical activity an exam by a pediatric cardiologist/sports medicine physician, specific recommendations based on residual findings and structures of care are needed. Methods: A selective review of the literature in PubMed was performed to retrieve current guidelines and review articles.

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Resting ECG as screening tool for Sudden Cardiac Death: PRO and CON

During our Annual meeting of the Society for Pediatric Sports Medicine in Basel 2017 one of the highlight sessions was the PRO-CON discussion about the use of a resting ECG as screening tool to detect youth at risk for sudden cardiac death. We present the two statements of the cardiology experts that were finally not so controversial as the PRO-CON may suggest. Well as often in medicine, it is the choice of each of you, how to deal with the situation. On one side we are taught to know and listen to the “evidence in medicine”, but on the other side we so often end up in our traditional professional perspective as decision maker that is not always wrong …

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From Cardiac Rehabilitation to Ambulatory Preventive Care: The Swiss Way

Over the last years, cardiac rehabilitation services have expanded their indication to include not just patients after myocardial infarction or surgery, but also a variety of non-acute cardiovascular disease (CVD) states like stable coronary artery disease, peripheral artery disease, neurovascular disease as well as asymptomatic patients with no history of CVD but with a constellation of cardiovascular risk factors, especially metabolic syndrome and diabetes mellitus. In 2015, 110 ambulatory cardiovascular prevention and rehabilitation programs existed in Switzerland: 57 for cardiac, 17 for peripheral artery disease and 36 for diabetes rehabilitation.

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Physical activity and exercise training in preventive cardiology

Physical activity (PA) and exercise training (ET) are central and indispensable components for primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease (CVD). In healthy individuals, PA reduces all-cause and CV mortality and has confirmed beneficial effects on the cardiovascular risk profile. In secondary prevention, PA counselling und ET are two of the core components of a multidisciplinary cardiac rehabilitation (CR) program. Exercise-based CR is an established strategy in the secondary prevention of CV disease. It improves survival, reduces hospital admissions, improves cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF), and quality of life (QoL).