ntroduction: Rugby union has one of the highest injury incidence rates among all collective sports. Data on incidence and type of injuries at non-professional level in rugby are sparse. Our objective was to assess the severity, incidence, type and location of injuries sustained during the top-tier of the Portuguese rugby union senior male fifteens championship.
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Background: In 2020 many people, including professional sportsmen, were in quarantine for many months around the world. Professional sport team players change the modality of training. So, it is indispensable to understand the performance modifications after lockdown.
Methods: A search was conducted on the main international databases considering the studies conducted in team sports.
Results: The studies show a higher injuries incidence in basketball, in futsal and in American football after lockdown. However, there are conflicting data about soccer, in which only incidence about muscular injuries is generally higher.
Conclusions: Lockdown generally increases injuries, above all at the resumption of competitions. It is important give players a sufficient time to recover the athletic condition.
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Athletes have a relevant risk of shoulder problems that do not only affect the typical overhead sports. In most cases, these are overuse problems that can be treated with consistent therapy, training optimisation and temporary abstinence from sports if they are recognised promptly. In parallel, depending on the type of sport, traumatic shoulder injuries can be found, which are usually easier to recognise in diagnostics and sometimes also require surgical therapy. In this paper, we give an overview of the various diagnoses and the main features of treatment.
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Summary: Muscle damage as well as recurrent and serious infections especially to the end of the playing period in team sport or to the end of preparation for competition in endurance or single sport are the most common symptoms in elite sport demolishing optimal training results. Are VitaminD deficiency responsible for these symptoms in elite sport.
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lite athletes may use psychotropic substances for recreational reasons, (perceived) performance enhancement or self-medication. Causes can hereby overlap. In substance use, recreational consumption aiming primarily at psychotropic effects is distinguished from performance-enhancing use (doping).
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Pharmacological interventions play a substantial role in the treatment of psychological complaints. However, while psychosocial and psychotherapeutic strategies are preferred for the treatment of mild to moderately severe symptoms, the use of drugs is often indicated for severe clinical manifestations [1,2].
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The global lifetime prevalence rate of all image and performance enhancing drugs (IPED) is unknown, however it is 6.4% in men an 1.6% in women for anabolic androgenic steroids (1). IPED are widely used in the bodybuilding scene and have found a bigger audience through social media platforms.
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Changes in public life, isolation, quarantine, and associated constraints within usual routine, as well as anxieties and concerns, are just some of many examples of psychiatric burdens caused by the COVID-19 pandemic (1). Not only the general population, but professional athletes in particular, are exposed to these challenges, as professional sports came to an abrupt halt upon occurrence of COVID-19.
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Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a common neurodevelopmental disorder which is characterized by symptoms of inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. The estimated prevalence of ADHD in the general population is 7,2% in children, with persistence into adulthood of approximately 35%. [1,2]
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The SSSPP established a three level curriculum for additional training in Sports Psychiatry and Psychotherapy. Level 1 “Basic Healthcare In Sports Psychiatry And Psychotherapy” is imparted. The curriculum contains a theoretical part, practical experience and supervision within 80 hours of additional training, leading to a SSSPP certificate
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