The prevalence of obesity is increasing world-wide. Obesity is associated with a plethora of metabolic and clinical constraints, which result in a higher risk for the development of cardiovascular complications and metabolic disease, particularly insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. Obesity is an acknowledged determinant of glycemic control in patients with type 1 diabetes and accounts for the majority of premature death due to cardiovascular events. Physical exercise is generally recommended in patients with diabetes in order to prevent the development of or reduce existing obesity, as adopted by every international treatment guideline so far.
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Despite increasingly advanced diagnostic and therapeutic methods, coronary heart disease and myocardial infarction continue to be by far the leading cause of death worldwide. This makes it all the more important in this context to make full use of known but far from optimally used therapeutic measures. Adequate physical activity in everyday life and additional targeted training lead to an evidence-based improvement in quality of life, a reduction in morbidity and above all to a significant reduction in cardiac and overall mortality.
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Heart failure is a clinical syndrome with different etiologies and phenotypes. For all forms, supervised exercise training and individual physical activity are class IA recommendations in current guidelines. Exercise training can start in the hospital, immediately after stabilization of acute heart failure (phase I). After discharge, it can continue in a stationary or ambulatory prevention and rehabilitation program (phase II). Typical components are endurance, resistance and respiratory training. Health insurances cover costs for three to six months. Patients with implantable cardioverter defibrillators or left ventricular assist devices may train in experienced centers.
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Physical activity provides huge opportunities for the health of nations. Understanding this, the World Health Organization has published a Global Action Plan which aims to provide member states with a framework for action, namely to create active societies, people, environments and systems. The target is set at a 15% reduction in physical inactivity levels by 2030. We explore in this paper some of the challenges and opportunities that come with it, and give the practitioner some real-world opportunities for relevant action at the local level, as well as for their patients, staying true to the Physician’s Pledge (Declaration of Geneva): “I will attend to my own health, well-being, and abilities in order to provide care of the highest standard.”
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Regular exercise reduces the risk of suffering from noncommunicable diseases such as cancer or diabetes. Within the framework of the National Strategy for the Prevention of Non-communicable Diseases, movement as a form of therapy is therefore to be anchored in health care in the future. Sports physicians have an important role as multipliers.
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The body of evidence on structural prevention is scarce and needs further development. This study contributes to international research by analysing 10-year outcomes of a multicomponent programme promoting a healthy sports setting in Switzerland. Data were collected in 2007, 2011 and 2015, enabling a longitudinal perspective on outcomes. Telephone interviews, case studies, online-surveys and analysis of key documents and data were conducted. The programme «cool and clean» is well known and accepted by key partners. Partnering between the health and the sports sector has improved visibly and cantonal ambassadors are well established.
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Recording the endurance lactate concentration has for some 40 years now been considered the most sensitive parameter for identifying and differentiating the aerobic capacity in muscle metabolism. Lactate behavior or the lactate-running-speed ratio is influenced under lab conditions both by the shock absorption of the specific treadmill type, the treadmill angle of inclination, and outdoors by the ground conditions. What is decisive for both indoor and outdoor measurements is the integrative lactate behavior.
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Wenn Sportler vor laufender Kamera bei einem Wettkampf versterben, konfrontieren das die Zuschauer in besonderer Weise mit den Risiken des Sports. Die Todesfälle der Fussballer Marc-Vivien Foé am FIFA Confederations Cup 2003 und Paulo Sérgio Oliveira da Silva «Serginho» in Sao Paulo 2004, oder des kürzlich bei Paris-Roubaix verstorbenen Radrennfahrers Michael Goolaerts haben eine weltweite Welle der Betroffenheit ausgelöst. Für die Sportmedizin resultiert daraus der klare Leistungsauftrag, durch geeignete Vorsorgeuntersuchungen und Massnahmen an Wettkämpfen diese tragischen Ereignisse so gut wie möglich zu verhindern.
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Ellen Sprunger war während mehr als 10 Jahren eine feste Grösse in der Schweizer Leichtathletik und eines unserer Aushängeschilder international. Als Siebenkämpferin erzielte sie mit 6124 Punkten die zweitbeste Leistung einer Schweizerin aller Zeiten und sie gehörte auch im Sprint zur Schweizer Elite. Ende 2017 trat sie vom Spitzensport zurück. Nun kann Sie einen Teil ihrer Erfahrungen aus dem Leistungssport in ihre zweite Karriere als Managerin mitnehmen. Sie gibt uns in einem Interview Einblick in ihre sportliche Karriere und die neuen beruflichen Perspektiven.
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Introduction: Iron is an important factor of the energy balance and correlates with serum ferritin. For competitive athletes, ferritin measurements are regularly performed at certified medical laboratories. However, as a laboratory change happened, we questioned the validity of ferritin levels, since unusually high values were measured. The aim of this study is to compare the ferritin values of blood samples in six different laboratories and to evaluate the diagnosis of iron deficiency.
Methods: Blood samples from 63 patients with suspected iron deficiency were sent to six laboratories for ferritin measurements.
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Background: Vitamin D concentrations corresponding to 75 nmol/L of 25(OH)D or more have been related to maintained muscle function, growth and regeneration, to optimal bone health and immunology in athletes. The objective of this study was to investigate prevalence and predictors of insufficient 25(OH)D concentrations in athletes and to come up with recommendations for our Swiss athletes.
Methods: 603 competitive Swiss athletes were assessed during their annual pre-participation examination. A standardized questionnaire was used to gather information about potential predictors for 25(OH)D concentrations.
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Background: Iron deficiency (ID), worldwide a common affection is associated with reduced performance, fatigue and increased risk for infections. Athletes are a risk-population due to a higher prevalence of restrictive diets or exercise-induced inflammation. Particularly in athletes, the diagnosis of ID based on unspecific symptomes or routine laboratory diagnostics with ferritin is not always reliable. The goal of this study was therefore to discover if a new diagnostic approach adding zinc protoporphyrin (ZnPP) or soluble transferrin receptor (sTfR) in the routine assessment of ID in athletes is helpful or even necessary.
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Introduction: Sport climbing is becoming more and more popular however, protocols for analyzing technique do rarely exist. One common tool in Switzerland is the standard climbing protocol of SAC, which is oriented at the standard movement of climbing allowing to rate individual technique. In this study interaction of blood lactate concentration and its interaction with technique scores were analyzed.
Methods: 12 sportclimbers of good leisure sport level with regular climbing activity performed 3 previously unknown routes with difficulties of 6–, 6, 6+ (UIAA Scale) in a climbing hall.
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Introduction: The use of prophylactic knee orthoses is very common among Swiss ice hockey players to prevent recurrent lesions of the medial collateral ligament (MCL) and the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL). However, their effects are still widely discussed in the literature.
Purpose of the Study: The purpose of this study is to assess the feasibility of a given protocol (recruitment, resources, data management, surveys...) for a future national study and to present the preliminary results of the prophylactic orthotics effects on recurrent injuries.
Methods: Retrospective epidemiological pilot study.
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Eine komplette Ruptur eines Muskelbauchs kann zu einem partiellen oder vollständigem Funktionsverlust führen. Dies gilt insbesondere für wichtige Kennmuskeln. Ein solcher Muskel ist der M. rectus femoris. Er ist der wichtigste Kniestrecker. Ein vollständiger Funktionsausfall des M. rectus femoris führt zu einem Extensionskraftsdefizit im Kniegelenk, ähnlich einer Patellarsehnen- oder Quadricepssehnenruptur. Während bei einer Patellarsehnen- oder Quadricepssehnenruptur therapeutisch die chirurgische Sehnenrekonstruktion unbestritten ist, ist dies für den Muskelriss weniger eindeutig. In den zwei Fällen, die hier vorgestellt werden, wurde der chirurgische Therapieweg gewählt.
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Hip disorders are increasingly common in pediatric and adolescent athletes, being both idiopathic problems aggravated by sports and overuse injuries caused by sports. These disorders are a major cause of morbidity and their long-term consequences carry into adulthood. In the past these problems have been primarily treated with open surgery using a surgical hip dislocation, but due to improved instruments and techniques, hip arthroscopy is becoming a mainstay in their treatment.
Arthroscopic management allows assessment and reconstructive treatment of most problems in practically all parts of the hip.
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