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gender differences

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Postural stability is critical for injury prevention and rehabilitation. An advantage in favor of female subjects compared to males could be determined in many studies, whereby the quantification, reliability and validity are limited due to the method. The Posturomed® allows to measure stability in the vertical and horizontal directions. So far, there are no studies that have recorded postural stability with the Posturomed® and examined gender-specific differences.
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Background: Heart rate variability (HRV) as a measure of the cardiac autonomic nervous system activity (CANA) has the potential to tailor endurance training and may contribute to the prevention of overtraining. We aimed to investigate whether there are sex differences and sex-specific reactions of the CANA to different training periods (TPs) in Swiss elite runners. Methods: Two HRV measurements (each 5 minutes supine and 5 minutes standing) per athlete were performed, the first during preparation period (PP) and the second during competition period (CP).
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