A 19 year-old female swimmer comes to your sports medicine consultation, because she has been struggling with breathing at higher intensities since 3 months. The dyspnea mostly occurs during sustained intensities in the pool or at the later stages of short interval sprints.
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Exercise-induced bronchoconstriction (EIB) describes the frequent phenomenon of airway narrowing during or after exercise. EIB is a characteristic of asthma in some patients but might develop in athletes without asthma, especially in high-risk disciplines with prolonged high minute ventilation, exposure to cold or toxic substances.
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Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease of the airways affecting approximately 300 million people worldwide. Asthma causes recurrent episodes of wheezing, shortness of breath, chest tightness, and coughing, typically occurring at night or early in the morning.
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