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surgery

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It is now recognized that psychological variables influence the treatment adherence, the athlete’s rehabilitation and return to sport. Among the influencing factors, several elements specific to the athlete and the situation are decisive, but it is above all the attitude and the evaluation of one’s own injury situation that will influence the way in which the athlete will engage in the healing process.
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ACL injuries in children and adolescents have increased substantially in recent years. Nevertheless, treatment algorithms are domiated by predjudice more than by evidence, eventhough the scientific basis, summarized in this paper, is sound. The likelihood of an ACL tear in a traumatic hemarthros, even without contact, is 52%. More than half of the cases show concurrent injuries. Methods and criteria for success of conservative treatment are published in detail, however, surgical treatment produces a better clinical outcome in most cases. Various surgical techniques exist, and age appropriate treatment can elimate the risk of a growth disturbance and restore the normal function of the knee.
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Femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) is a pathomechanical process of the hip, which can occur in every individual but has a higher prevalence in physically active subjects such as athletes. It is mainly due to bony deformities at the proximal femur and/or acetabulum in conjunction with rigorous or supraphysiological hip ranges of motion. FAI may lead to chondrolabral lesions, hip pain and development of early hip osteoarthritis. Symptomatic FAI patients may present functional limitations during daily activities and sports, reduced hip muscle strength as well as hip joint kinematic and kinetic alterations during weight-bearing activities.
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