pharmacology

Injections around the autonomic nervous system, particularly the so-called sympathetic trunk, have been established for years. The main focus so far has been the treatment of CRPS (Complex Regional Pain..

The use of anabolic androgenic steroids (AAS) as well as other image- and performance-enhancing drugs (IPEDs) has become one of the most recent global major substance use disorders in the..

L’abréviation DHEA signifie déhydroépiandrostérone, un précurseur hormonal des hormones sexuelles masculines et féminines. La médecine dite «anti-âge» est à la mode et les cures d’hormones promettent une vie avec plus..

Die Abkürzung DHEA steht für Dehydroepiandrosteron, eine Hormonvorstufe für männliche und weibliche Sexualhormone. Die sogenannte «Anti-Aging-Medizin» liegt im Trend, und Hormonkuren verheissen ein Leben mit mehr Freude und weniger Beschwerden...

Le lancement d’un service national et indépendant de signalement et d’enquête sur les manquements à l’éthique et les abus répond à un besoin fort du sport suisse. Après avoir reçu..

Mit der Lancierung der nationalen, unabhängigen Melde- und Untersuchungsstelle für Ethikverstösse und Missstände wurde ein starkes Bedürfnis im Schweizer Sport erkannt. Nachdem im ersten Jahr bereits 264 Meldungen bei Swiss..

lite athletes may use psychotropic substances for recreational reasons, (perceived) performance enhancement or self-medication. Causes can hereby overlap. In substance use, recreational consumption aiming primarily at psychotropic effects is distinguished..

Pharmacological interventions play a substantial role in the treatment of psychological complaints. However, while psychosocial and psychotherapeutic strategies are preferred for the treatment of mild to moderately severe symptoms, the..

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a common neurodevelopmental disorder which is characterized by symptoms of inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. The estimated prevalence of ADHD in the general population is..

Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) have the highest intake of all medication in elite and non-elite athletes. The high consumption by athletes (30–50%) participating in team and single-sports leads to the..

Supplement use in able-bodied athletes during major championships was reported to be around 80 to 90%. In contrast, the prevalence of supplement use in Paralympic athletes according to surveys from..

In 2008, the World Anti-Doping Agency officially launched the biological passport. The first validated module to operate was the blood module to fight erythropoietin (EPO) and blood transfusion abuse. It..